Tanzania is home to numerous national parks with diverse ecosystems and wildlife. However, several of these areas face significant conservation challenges due to factors such as poaching, human-wildlife conflict, habitat loss, and climate change. Here are some notable national parks in Tanzania that face such challenges:

Serengeti National Park

While it is one of the most famous national parks in the world, the Serengeti faces threats from poaching, human encroachment, and climate change that affect the migration patterns of animals.

Ngorongoro Crater

Ngorongoro Conservation Area: Known for its unique crater ecosystem, this area deals with overgrazing, poaching, and the pressures of human settlement, leading to habitat degradation and competition for resources between wildlife and livestock.

Tarangire National Park

This park is under threat from habitat loss due to agricultural expansion and human settlement, as well as poaching of elephants and other wildlife.

Lake Manyara National Park

The park is threatened by agricultural runoff, which can harm aquatic ecosystems, as well as human-wildlife conflict, particularly with elephants raiding crops.

Arusha national park

Nestled near Mt. Meru, the park faces challenges related to illegal harvesting of resources, poaching, and encroachment from surrounding communities.

Mkomazi national park

Mkomazi has faced significant poaching challenges, particularly concerning elephants and rhinos. Although efforts have been made to combat this through anti-poaching initiatives, the threat remains due to demand for ivory and rhino horn.

Amani Nature Reserve

Located in Northeastern part of Tanzania, within the East Usambara mountains. One of the significant threats to Amani Nature Reserve is deforestation due to agricultural expansion, logging, and the collection of firewood. This habitat loss impacts the reserve's biodiversity and can lead to soil erosion and changes in water cycles.

Ruaha national park

Ruaha faces challenges from poaching and habitat destruction, particularly from livestock farming and agricultural expansion that encroaches on wildlife habitats.

Katavi National Park

It is relatively remote, but it still faces poaching threats and human encroachment, which can impact wildlife migration corridors and overall ecosystem health.

Mikumi National Park

This park is increasingly vulnerable to poaching and habitat loss from agricultural expansion and infrastructure development, such as roads that fragment wildlife habitats.

Saadani National Park

Located near the coast, this park faces threats from coastal development, poaching, and fishing practices that diminish marine and ecological biodiversity.

Gombe Stream National Park

Home to famous chimpanzee populations, Gombe faces threats such as habitat destruction due to agriculture and logging, as well as poaching and diseases that can affect primate populations.

Udzungwa Mountains National Park

The park is known for its biodiversity but faces deforestation due to agricultural expansion, logging, and illegal hunting, which threaten endemic species and unique habitats.

Saanane Island National Park

This small park experiences challenges related to habitat degradation from invasive species and human encroachment, as well as pressure from illegal fishing.

Tarangire-Manyara Ecosystem

While not a designated national park, this ecosystem faces similar challenges to both Tarangire and Lake Manyara National Parks, including human-wildlife conflicts and habitat loss due to agriculture.

Nyerere National Park

Nyerere National Park (formerly Selous Game Reserve): This vast area faces severe poaching, particularly of elephants, as well as habitat degradation due to illegal mining and agricultural activities near its borders.

Rubondo Island National Park

While a relatively remote park, it faces issues such as invasive species and the impacts of fishing in surrounding waters, which can affect the ecosystem.

Kitulo National Park

Known for its unique flora, Kitulo is threatened by agricultural activities nearby, as well as illegal harvesting of plants and overgrazing by livestock.